Anthem ER policy could deny 1 in 6 visits if universally adopted, JAMA study warns

https://www.healthcaredive.com/news/anthem-er-policy-could-deny-1-in-6-visits-if-universally-adopted-jama-stud/540241/

Dive Brief:

  • Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield’s controversial policy that denies emergency coverage based on a patient’s diagnosis after a visit to the ER, would affect as many as one in six (15.7%) ER visits if adopted universally by commercial insurers, according to a new study from JAMA Network.  
  • Anthem’s policy is currently active in six states. In July, the American College of Emergency Physicians and the Medical Association of Georgia filed a federal lawsuit asserting that Anthem BCBS of Georgia is violating federal law requiring insurers to cover the costs of emergency care based on a patient’s symptoms rather than their final diagnosis.
  • “Our results demonstrate the inaccuracy of such a policy in identifying unnecessary emergency department visits,” Shih-Chuan Chou, lead author of the JAMA study, wrote. “This policy could place many patients who reasonably seek emergency care at risk of coverage denial.” 

Dive Insight:

As healthcare costs rise, insurers continue to seek ways to stem payments for emergency care, which hit their pockets the hardest. Anthem’s approach, taken in the summer of 2017, is to disincentivize what it deems to be unnecessary ER visits by denying coverage for patients with non-emergent ER discharge diagnoses. 

Earlier this year, UnitedHealth Group began reviewing ER claims with the most serious conditions in an effort to reduce or deny claims with improper evaluation and management codes. While similar in that they both crack down on ER visits, Anthem’s policy looks to move patients away from ERs and into less expensive urgent care centers and retail clinics, while UnitedHealth’s policy change is about making sure hospitals are billing properly.

The backlash has been much harsher for Anthem. According to a report issued this past July by Sen. Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., Anthem denied roughly 12,200, or 5.8%, of all emergency room claims in Missouri, Kentucky and Georgia from July 2017 to Dec. 2017 through this policy. Missouri’s hospital association was one of many health organizations to publicly oppose the policy.

In a statement to Healthcare Dive, Anthem defended its ER policy as a way to “ensure access to high quality, affordable healthcare” by encouraging consumers to receive care in “the most appropriate setting.” 

“If a consumer reasonably believes that he or she is experiencing an emergency medical condition, then they should always call 911 or go to the ED,” the statement reads. “But for non-emergency health care needs, EDs are often a time-consuming place to receive care and in many instances 10 times higher in cost than urgent care.” 

 

 

Anthem Sued by Doctors in Dispute Over Emergency-Room Coverage

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-07-17/anthem-sued-by-doctors-in-dispute-over-emergency-room-coverage

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The health insurer Anthem Inc. was sued by doctors in Georgia for declining to pay for some emergency-room care, escalating a long-running battle over how far insurance plans can go to push patients to seek lower-cost treatment.

The American College of Emergency Physicians and the Medical Association of Georgia filed suit on Tuesday in U.S. District Court in Atlanta against Anthem’s Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Georgia unit over the denied payments. The doctors asked the court to require Anthem to halt its policy and cover the claims.

“Providers and patients alike are operating in fear of denial of payment by defendants when patients seek emergency department care,” the groups said in the filing.

It’s the latest legal challenge over a change in policy that Anthem says was designed to cut down on patients going to an emergency room in situations that don’t require it. Emergency-room care usually costs significantly more than treatment at a doctor’s office or an urgent-care clinic. Georgia’s Piedmont Hospital and five related facilities also have sued Anthem over the policy, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported in February.

Before putting the policy in place, Anthem sent letters to customers explaining the policy and urging them to use other sites for care. The insurer also held meetings with physicians, according to the suit.

Anthem didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment on the suit.

Medical Records

Anthem’s strategy went beyond what’s legally allowed, the doctors say in their lawsuit. The insurer reviewed the cases of patients who went to an emergency room, and decided whether to pay for their care based on billing information or medical records related to the incident. The suit says Anthem violated legal requirements that insurers cover care in a situation where a “prudent layperson” would believe he or she was experiencing an emergency.

According to the suit, Anthem began reviewing emergency-room visits in Georgia, Kentucky and Missouri, and has also brought the policy to Ohio, New Hampshire and Indiana. Based in Indianapolis, Anthem operates under the Blue Cross and Blue Shield brand in 14 states. The company has almost 40 million health-insurance members.

Lawmakers including U.S. Senator Claire McCaskill of Missouri have criticized Anthem’s policy. McCaskill and a fellow Democrat, Senator Ben Cardin of Maryland, sent a letter in March to the Health and Human Services Department and Labor Department, asking them to investigate the payment denials.

“By denying patient claims based on the patient’s final diagnosis and ignoring the patient’s symptoms present at the time of the emergency, we believe that Anthem likely violated federal law,” the senators wrote.

 

 

 

Anthem Fraud Investigator Arrested in Fraud Investigation

http://www.healthleadersmedia.com/health-plans/anthem-fraud-investigator-arrested-fraud-investigation?utm_source=silverpop&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=20180530_HLM_HP_resend%20(1)&spMailingID=13610938&spUserID=MTY3ODg4NTg1MzQ4S0&spJobID=1402769496&spReportId=MTQwMjc2OTQ5NgS2

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A federal indictment alleges that a former fraud investigator for Anthem Blue Cross took bribes and provided coconspirators with billing codes that would bypass the insurer’s fraud protection firewalls.

Five Californians—including a physician and a former fraud investigator—have been arrested and charged in a scheme that submitted bogus claims to health insurers and used some of the proceeds to provide patients with “free” cosmetic procedures, the Department of Justice said.

The arrest follows the unsealing of a federal indictment this week that details a multi-year scheme that lured patients into two San Fernando Valley clinics to receive free cosmetic procedures—including facials, laser hair removal and Botox injections—which were not covered by insurance.

The conspirators allegedly submitted at least $20 million in claims to the insurance companies, which paid approximately $8 million on those claims, the indictment said.

The scam used the patients’ insurance information to fraudulently billed insurers for unnecessary medical services or for services that were never provided. In exchange, the alleged scammers calculated a “credit” that patients could use to receive “free” or discounted cosmetic procedures, the indictment said.

One of the coconspirators, Gary Jizmejian, 44, of Santa Clarita, was a former senior investigator at the Anthem Special Investigations Unit, the anti-fraud unit within Anthem.

The indictment alleges that Jizmejian took bribes in exchange for providing his coconspirators with confidential Anthem information that helped them submit fraudulent bills to Anthem.


In September 2012, Jizmejian gave his coconspirators insurance billing codes—CPT Codes—that Jizmejian knew could be used to submit fraudulent claims to Anthem without Anthem detecting the fraudulent claims, the indictment said.

Jizmejian also allegedly gave his coconspirators the billing code for an allergy-related lab test and told them to submit to Anthem large numbers of bills with this CPT code. The coconspirators used this billing code to submit approximately $1 million in fraudulent claims to Anthem, according to the indictment.

Jizmejian allegedly helped mask the fraud at the clinics by helping coconspirators avoid responding to inquiries from fraud investigators, diverting attention of other Anthem SIU investigators away from the clinics, and closing Anthem investigations into fraud at the clinics, the indictment said.

When reached for comment, Anthem Blue Cross issued the following response:

  • Mr. Jizmejian is no longer an Anthem employee.
  • Anthem fully cooperated with the government’s investigation.
  • We have no further comment on pending government charges or activity.

The indicted coconspirators were identified as:

  • Roshanak Khadem, aka “Roxanne” and “Roxy” Khadem, 50, of Sherman Oaks. Khadem owned and operated the two clinics at the center of the alleged scheme—R&R Med Spa, which was located in Valley Village until early 2016, and its successor company, Nu-Me Aesthetic and Anti-Aging Center, which operated in Woodland Hills.
  • Roberto Mariano, MD, 59, of Rancho Cucamonga, a physician who helped operate the clinics;
  • Marina Sarkisyan, 49, of Panorama City, who was the office manager at the clinics;
  • Lucine Ilangezyan, 38, of North Hills, an employee and insurance biller for the clinics.

All five defendants are charged with one count of conspiracy to commit healthcare fraud and 13 counts of healthcare fraud. Each count charged in the indictment carries a statutory maximum sentence of 10 years in prison.

 

 

Anthem to cut pay for some same-day services by 25%: 4 things to know

https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/payer-issues/anthem-to-cut-pay-for-some-same-day-services-by-25-4-things-to-now.html

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Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield plans to reduce payment by 25 percent for some separate services administered on the same day as a wellness exam or another procedure.

Here are four things to know about the proposed policy.

1. The insurer lowered the planned payment cut for some same-day services from 50 percent to 25 percent following pushback from the American Medical Association. Anthem also postponed the rollout of the cuts — initially slated for Jan. 1 — to March 1, 2018. The insurer postponed implementation after AMA sent a letter to Anthem and met with senior Anthem officials to oppose the policy.

2. One example the Kentucky Medical Association provided of a same-day service that may face payment reduction is the instance of a patient coming in for a nosebleed. After the physician packs a patient’s nose to stop the bleeding, the physician may evaluate the patient for moderate hypertension and adjust their medication. In this instance, KMA argued, the hypertension service was medically necessary, though separate from packing the nose.

3. The policy begins March across the following states: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio and Wisconsin. The policy will also take effect in Georgia and Virginia after network contract renewal.

4. Jack Resneck Jr., MD, chair-elect of the AMA board of trustees, said, “Anthem’s decision to reduce the magnitude of the proposed payment cuts in response to evidence supplied by AMA is a positive step. However, the AMA continues to challenge Anthem’s rationale for the unjustified 25 percent reduction proposed in the revised policy.”

 

Under ACA, largest health plans net lion’s share of underwriting gains while smaller players struggle

https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/payer/health-plan-financial-performance-aca-deloitte?mkt_tok=eyJpIjoiTkdKallqUmhOV1prTmpZMyIsInQiOiIzV0NnWXA2amJKeHRybHVFTWl3bCtXMHpQXC92SXRnZyt0WGV0VFFUTkxoQk1UTHlyMGRlTFZkc3V2aXM0cGY5Q1Fndmh0ck5venI0OVJVMWhpNHQrakJWSytReEVBc2N4Y1lwRXBHQmZ2RGR6bk9cLzJxREZIbDk2VWQ2bzFKSmZvIn0%3D&mrkid=959610&utm_medium=nl&utm_source=internal

Financial market data. Image: Pixabay

The gap between the haves and have-nots has grown wider in the health insurance sector—and policy changes may be the culprit.

Most health plans are relatively small, posting an annual revenue of less than $2 billion, and are generally close to just breaking even financially. But the top three largest fully insured health plans by revenue—UnitedHealth Group, Kaiser Foundation Health Plan and Anthem—“exhibit performance that is dramatically differentiated from that of other market participants,” according to a new analysis from Deloitte.

For example, between 2011 and 2016, the top three saw their share of underwriting gains rise considerably even as their share of enrollment and revenue declined. By 2016, those three plans generated 84% of all underwriting gains in the fully insured market, while they accounted for just 55% in 2011. The top 10 plans, meanwhile, accounted for 92% of all underwriting gains in 2016.

What was behind that trend? Post-2014, one of the main reasons was the “number and magnitude of the losses suffered by many other health plans,” particularly in Affordable Care Act commercial individual products, the analysis said. Those losses were so large that they offset almost all the underwriting gains posted by the health plans not in the top three or top 10—thus magnifying the largest plans’ share.

For-profit insurers also grew faster and posted significantly higher margins than their nonprofit peers, the analysis found. While for-profit plans accounted for 66% of all underwriting gains in 2011, that share rose to 76% by 2016. Nonprofit plans, in comparison, saw their underwriting margins slip from 2.3% in 2011 to 0.8% in 2016.

The analysis also looked at health plan performance on the company and state levels. It found a significant increase in the number of plans with annual losses, a steep decline in average margins and widening variation among plans’ performance from 2011-2016. In addition, the number of states with health insurance market turbulence and unfavorable health plan financial performance increased.

Deloitte said its findings showed how large of a role public policy has played in driving change in the insurance markets in recent years. In addition, it highlighted the financial benefits associated with national scale.

Yet the firm also pointed out that it’s worth paying attention to how smaller-scale nonprofit plans are faring, given that they “play critical roles in their local communities and healthcare ecosystems.”

These plans, it noted, may lack the resources to withstand more disruption and “down years.” But with Republicans moving to unwind the ACA, that’s exactly what might lie ahead.

 

 

Anthem Now Requiring Pre-approval for Hospital MRIs, CT Scans

http://www.healthleadersmedia.com/finance/anthem-now-requiring-pre-approval-hospital-mris-ct-scans?spMailingID=11861186&spUserID=MTY3ODg4NTg1MzQ4S0&spJobID=1240498373&spReportId=MTI0MDQ5ODM3MwS2

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The insurer no longer allows outpatient imaging in hospitals. Hospitals may feel the financial loss.

In a bid to cut costs, Anthem is now informing consumers that it must pre-approve any hospital-based MRIs and CT-scans, and that approval won’t come easily.

The insurer’s new policy forbids hospital imaging services on an outpatient basis and requires proof that inpatient imaging is medically necessary.

The Anthem change in policy is likely to be a financial blow to hospitals, which have seen outpatient imaging as a profit center in recent years.

Anthem announced recently that outpatient MRIs and CT scans must be performed at lower-priced facilities, citing its commitment to the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) Triple Aim Initiative, which calls for improving the patient experience, improving population health, and reducing costs.

The insurer says clinical research has shown the safety of imaging services in free-standing facilities, so the additional cost of a hospital setting is unnecessary.

“Anthem’s primary concern is to provide access to quality and safe healthcare for our members. We are also committed to reducing overall medical cost where possible when the safety of the member is not put at risk,” the company says.

Anthem notes that imaging costs can vary widely without any effect on quality of care, with scans costing as little as $350 and as much as $2,000.

The company also notified providers of the change in policy, explaining that physicians must obtain pre-certification approval for inpatient hospital imaging. Anthem told consumers that it will provide assistance in finding imaging facilities other than hospitals.

The change in policy could reduce a member’s out-of-pocket costs, Anthem notes.

“If the member has a benefit plan where he or she pays a percentage of the cost, it is possible that his or her percentage of out-of-pocket cost may be reduced,” Anthem says. “This is because the cost to undergo a CT or MRI scan administered in a freestanding imaging facility may be less than what a hospital-based facility would charge. If the member has a facility copay, there may not be a reduction in a member’s out of pocket cost.”

However, the policy still stands even if using a freestanding facility would not reduce the consumer’s out-of-pocket cost, the insurer explains. The approval or denial of the site of service is based only on medical necessity.

In the unlikely event that the physician ignores the policy and the patient receives imaging services in a hospital outpatient setting, the hospital would be responsible for the cost, Anthem says. The patient would not be held responsible unless he or she signed a statement acknowledging the deviation from Anthem policy and agreed to be financially responsible.

New Anthem policy cuts hospital outpatient payment for MRIs, CT scans in 5 states

http://www.healthcarefinancenews.com/news/new-anthem-policy-cuts-hospital-outpatient-payment-mris-ct-scans-5-states?mkt_tok=eyJpIjoiWkRRME5UUmhaV1JpWlRFeiIsInQiOiJCekx4ZHJJUkJVU2JTa1VSYmxaWUVjandaVGVvcHNsclNtWU1UMHZSb2RYZnpZTkNyTjhob2VQdDJvcVNjSHdkeDlyTjJ0alM0T0RKbCs4cGhqU2h2XC9JRG9yODdMUW5kZWRDbnE2bTB2SzNzSHdUTWxJdE9WWXowSUVRb0lsWHIifQ%3D%3D

Imaging services can be as safely provided, and cost less, at freestanding facilities, Anthem says.

As of Sept. 1, Anthem will no longer pay hospitals in five states for outpatient imaging services for MRIs or CT scans.

Anthem already initiated its policy in four other states on July 1.

Imaging is a big part of hospital revenue, and Anthem said it costs more to have the service done in a hospital outpatient setting than at a freestanding facility.

“Anthem’s primary concern is to provide access to quality and safe healthcare for our affiliated health plan members. We are also committed to reducing overall medical cost where possible when the safety of the member is not put at risk,” Anthem spokeswoman Lori McLaughlin said.

Hospitals in New York, Ohio, Colorado, Nevada and Georgia will be affected starting Friday. Hospitals in Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri and Wisconsin have been under the policy since July 1, when Anthem started what it calls its Imaging Clinical Site of Care program. It is administered by Anthem subsidiary, AIM Specialty Health, for its individual and employer-sponsored members in fully insured programs.

Imaging services can be just as safely provided in a lower cost, free-standing center as in a hospital outpatient setting, according to Anthem.

Anthem’s program also helps identify when hospital outpatient services for certain imaging tests are medically unnecessary, the company said.

Anthem’s policy follows a move in July by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to make hospital outpatient payments more site neutral. Procedures performed at hospital outpatient departments are paid at a higher rate through the hospital outpatient prospective payment system,than freestanding clinics, which are paid on the Medicare physician fee schedule.

CMS said it would reduce outpatient prospective payment system spending by approximately $500 million in 2017 by no longer paying for outpatient services at a higher rate.

In the divide between pricing and payer reimbursement, providers nationwide may be concerned that other insurers will follow the lead of a large insurer such as Anthem.

“Hospitals need to recognize they are competing in a market already delivering on convenience, quality and affordability,” McLaughlin said.

Anthem said the program gives members an opportunity to save up to hundreds of dollars for each imaging test.

The cost for MRIs and CT scans can vary from $350 to $2,000, Anthem said in 2010 when it launched its imaging cost and quality program to help educate members about their options in choosing high-quality, lower-cost imaging services.

Yet a recent report shows that many consumers don’t make any attempt to compare prices for healthcare services. Most survey respondents said they didn’t comparison shop or even ask how much they would owe in copayments or other cost-sharing expenses before they turned up for an appointment.

In cases in which it’s not medically necessary for a member to receive services from a hospital, members who go to a freestanding facility can save close to $1,000 out-of-pocket for some imaging services for those who haven’t met their deductible, and up to $200 for those whose plans require only a copay, Anthem said.

Members who have high-deductible plans and haven’t yet met their deductible may be responsible for the full cost of the service. In these cases the member saves the difference between the hospital imaging cost and the non-hospital cost, Anthem said.

Other members will pay a co-insurance usually of about 20 percent on the full cost of the service. Plans pay the other 80 percent.

If a member chooses to go to an outpatient hospital facility, and that in-network facility provides the service, it would be the provider, and not the patient, who would be responsible for the cost, according to Anthem. The member would only be held responsible for the cost of the service if he or she signs a waiver, agreeing to be responsible, Anthem said.

Hospitals would then bear the cost of their imaging services provided at outpatient facilities, for beneficiaries covered by Anthem insurance.

Anthem’s exceptions to its policy include: when the services being provided are only available in the hospital setting, the individual requires an obstetrical observation, or the individual is receiving perinatology services. Also, exceptions are in cases where there is no other geographically accessible site, moderate or deep sedation or general anesthesia is required and a freestanding facility does not have this available; the equipment for the size of the individual is not available, or the individual has a documented diagnosis of claustrophobia requiring open magnetic resonance imaging which is not available in a freestanding facility.

AIM collects data on imaging providers, both hospital-based and freestanding, to determine conformance to industry-recognized standards, Anthem said. Providers and staff have access to each facility’s score in an AIM portal, and can use those scores to find facilities.

 

Study: No link between offering price transparency tool and lower healthcare spending

http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/finance/study-no-link-between-offering-price-transparency-tool-and-lower-healthcare-spending.html

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Offering a price transparency tool to a large insured population in California did not result in decreased healthcare spending, according to a study published in Health Affairs.

For the study, researchers analyzed the experience of beneficiaries of the self-insured California Public Employees’ Retirement System, a benefit manager for the state’s public employees, their dependents and retirees. CalPERS offered beneficiaries enrolled in an Anthem Blue Cross preferred provider organization a commercial price transparency tool called Castlight. Castlight was introduced to beneficiaries on July 1, 2014, and researchers conducted the study from July 1, 2012, to Sept. 30, 2015. Researchers said they specifically focused on “shoppable” services such as lab tests, office visits and advanced imaging services.

The study found no link between shoppable services spending and Castlight. Researchers said only 12.3 percent of beneficiaries offered the price transparency tool used it to conduct a price search at least once in the 15 months after it was introduced. Only 2.4 percent of beneficiaries used it at least three times during the 15 months, and 3.9 percent used it at least twice for searches with at least 30 days between searches.

The study found beneficiaries that did a price search prior to receiving imaging services on average paid 14 percent less than those who did not do a price search prior to those services. Researchers said only 1 percent of beneficiaries who received advanced imaging conducted a price search.

“We did not find evidence that offering a price transparency tool was associated with a reduction in spending on shoppable services. Patients’ use of the tool was associated with lower-price imaging services, but because use of the tool was so limited, this result did not translate into meaningful spending reductions among the population offered the tool,” the study’s authors concluded.